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All building elements have inherent relationship with one another, which can be tracked, managed, and maintained by the computer. Autodesk Revit enables you to envisage and develop a structural model with actual 3D parametric structural elements.
It provides a new approach to the structural design and the implementation process. It replicates the way structural engineers conceive the structure of a building. However, in Autodesk Revit, you can create the structural model of a building project using 3D elements such as structural floors, columns, beams, and so on, as shown in Figure Using these 3D elements, you can visualize the structural project with respect to its scale, volume, and proportions.
This enables you to study design alternatives and develop superior quality design solutions. Autodesk Revit automates routine drafting and coordination tasks and assists in reducing errors in documentation. This in turn saves time, improves the speed of documentation, and lowers the cost for users.
A project in Autodesk Revit is created using the inbuilt parametric building elements. Some relationships are made by Autodesk Revit itself and others by the user. For example, doors, which have an inherent parametric relationship with the structural walls cannot be created without first creating a host wall.
A door always moves with the host wall. Similarly, floors too are parametrically linked to walls. When you move structural walls, the structural floor extents are also modified automatically. Each structural element has inbuilt bidirectional associativity with many other elements in the project. A building information model is created using different interdependent parametric building elements such as structural walls, beams, columns, structural floors, foundations, and so on.
As they are bidirectionally associated elements, any change made in one element is automatically adopted by others. The integrated building information model created contains all data for a project. You can then create project presentation views such as structural plans, sections, elevations, and so on for documentation. This capability is, therefore, the underlying concept in Autodesk Revit.
As changes are made immediately and automatically, it saves the time and effort of coordinating them in all other associated views, which, for most projects, is an inevitable part of the design process. Autodesk Revit also provides a variety of in-built parametric element libraries that can be selected and used to create a building model. It also provides you with the flexibility to modify the properties of these elements or to create your own parametric elements, based on the project requirement.
Before using Autodesk Revit, it is important to understand the basic terms used for creating a building model. Various terms used in Autodesk Revit for Structure such as project, level, category, family, type, and instance are described next. A project in Autodesk Revit is similar to an actual structural project. In an actual project, the entire documentation such as drawings, 3D views, specifications, schedules, cost estimates, and so on are inherently linked and read together.
Similarly, in Autodesk Revit, a project not only includes the digital 3D building model but also its parametrically associated documentation. Thus, all components such as the building model, its standard views, structural drawings, and schedules combine together to form a complete project. A project file contains all project information such as building elements used in a project, drawing sheets, schedules, cost estimates, 3D views, renderings, and so on.
A project file also stores various settings such as environment, lighting, and so on. As data is stored in the same file, so it becomes easier for Autodesk Revit to coordinate the entire database. In Autodesk Revit, a building model is divided into various levels. These levels may be understood as infinite horizontal planes that act as hosts for different elements such as roof, floor, ceiling, and so on.
The defined levels in a building model can, in most cases, relate to different floor levels, or stories of the building project. Each element that you create belongs to a particular level. Apart from building elements, Autodesk Revit project also contains other associated elements such as annotations, imported files, links, and so on. These elements have been divided into the following categories:.
Model Category : Consists of various structural elements used in creating a building. Annotation Category : Consists of annotations such as dimensions, text notes, tags, symbols,.
Datum Category : Consists of datums such as levels, grids, reference planes, and so on. View Category : Consists of interactive project views such as structural floor plans, elevations, sections, 3D views, and renderings. In addition to these four categories, other categories such as Imported , Workset , Filter , and Revit Categories can also exist if the project has imported files, enabled worksets, or linked Autodesk Revit projects, respectively.
Another powerful concept in Autodesk Revit is family. A family is described as a set of elements of the same category that can be grouped together based on certain common parameters or characteristics. Elements of the same family may have different properties, but they all have common characteristics. For example, Concrete-Rectangular-Column is a concrete column family, but it contains different sizes of columns.
Family files have the. You can load additional building component families from the libraries provided in Autodesk Revit package. Families are further divided into certain types.
Type or family type, as it is called, is a specific size or style of a family. All uses of the same family type in a project have the same properties. Family and family types can also be used to create new families using the Family Editor.
Instances are the actual usage of model elements in a building model or annotations in a drawing sheet. A family type created in a new location is identified as an instance of the family type. All instances of the same family type have the same properties. Therefore, when you modify the properties of a family type, the properties of all its instances also get modified.
The family categorization of Revit elements is given below:. The hierarchy of building elements in Autodesk Revit plays an important role in providing the flexibility and ease of managing a change in a building model. Figure shows the hierarchy of categories and families in a typical Autodesk Revit project. Another classification of categories of elements followed in Autodesk Revit is based on their usage.
Autodesk Revit uses five classes of elements: Host, component, annotation, view, and datum. Hosts are the element categories that form the basic structure of a building model and include model elements such as structural walls and floors. Components are the elements that are added to the host elements or act as stand-alone elements such as doors, windows, and foundations.
Annotations are the 2D, view-specific elements that add content to the project documentation such as dimensions, tags, text notes, and so on. Views represent various orientations of a building model such as plans, elevations, sections, 3D views, and so on. Datum refers to the reference elements that assist you in creating a building model. The reference elements which include grids, levels, reference planes, and so on. There is no specific methodology available for creating a building model in Autodesk Revit.
It provides you with the flexibility of generating the building geometry based on the project requirement, design complexity, and other factors. However, the following steps describe a general procedure that may be followed for creating an architectural building model using the built-in parametric elements provided in Autodesk Revit.
The first step is to define the levels of the structural model based on the story height of the building and then create grids for inserting columns and foundation at the lowest level. Next, add columns, foundation slab, structural wall, and foundations in that level. You can also link the control height of the structural walls and columns to the levels. Next, create framing members and floors using the defined levels. You can add loads to the model and define load conditions and various analytical settings for the model.
After creating the structural analytical model, you will transfer it to Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis software and analyze the structural entities based on the loads applied to it. After performing the analysis and retrieving the design detail of the model, you will import the structural model from the analysis software into Autodesk Revit.
Next, you will create drawing sheets with the desired views for its presentation. You can also add reinforcements to the concrete elements in the structural model. Autodesk Revit also provides tools to create rendered 3D views and walkthroughs. Figure shows an example of a building elevation with various structural elements.
Autodesk Revit enables you to control the display and graphic representation of a single element or the element category of various elements in project views by using the visibility and graphics overrides tools.
You can select a model category and modify its linetype and detail level. This can also be done for various annotation category elements and imported files. These settings can be done for each project view based on its desired representation. You can also hide an element or an element category in a view using the Hide in view and Isolate tools. The scale is an important concept in a Revit project. As you set a scale, Autodesk Revit automatically sets the detail level that is appropriate for it.
You can also set the detail level manually for each project view. Each detail level has an associated linetype and the detail lines associated with it.
The details of annotations such as dimensions, tags, and so on, are also defined by the selected scale. A single integrated building information is used to create and represent a building project.
You can extract project information from a building model and create area schemes, schedule, and cost estimates, and then add them to the project presentation. Autodesk Revit also enables you to export the extracted database to the industry standard Open Database Connectivity ODBC compliant relational database tables.
The use of the building information model to extract database information eliminates the error-prone method of measuring building spaces individually. After creating the building model, you can easily arrange the project views by plotting them on the drawing sheets. Drawing sheets can also be organized in a project file based on the established CAD standards followed by the firm.
In this manner, the project documentation can easily be transformed from the conceptual design stage to the design development stage and finally to the construction document stage. The project view on a drawing sheet is only a graphical representation of the building information model. Therefore, any modification made in it is immediately updated in all the associated project views, thereby keeping the drawing sets updated. Autodesk Revit also helps you conceptualize a building project in terms of its volume, shape, and proportions before working with actual building elements.
This is possible by using the Massing tool, which enables you to create quick 3D models of buildings and conduct volumetric and proportion study on overall masses. It also enables you to visualize and create an unusual building geometry.
The same massing model can then be converted into a building model with individual parametric building elements. It provides continuity in the generation of building model right from sketch design to its development.
Autodesk Revit provides a large number of in-built family types of various model elements and annotations. Each parametric element has the associated properties that can be modified based on the project requirement.
Autodesk Revit also enables you to create the elements that are designed specifically for a particular location. The in-built family editor enables you to create new elements using family templates. This provides you with the flexibility of using in-built elements for creating your own elements. For example, using the furniture template, you can create a reception desk that is suitable for a particular location in the design.
An extensive in-built library of structural elements has been provided in Autodesk Revit. You can add structural columns, beams, walls, braces, and so on to the project. Thus, structural consultants can also incorporate their elements in the basic architectural building model and check for inconsistency, if any. In Autodesk Revit, you can work on large projects by linking different building projects together.
For a large project that consists of a number of buildings, you can create individual buildings as separate projects and then link all of them into a single base file. The database recognizes the linked projects and includes them in the project representation of the base file. For example, while working on a large educational institution campus, you can create separate project files for academic building, administration area, gymnasium, cafeteria, computer centre, and so on, and then link them into the base site plan file.
In this manner, large projects can be subdivided and worked upon simultaneously. Worksets, in Autodesk Revit, enable the division of the building model into small editable set of elements. The worksets can be assigned to different teams working on the same project and then their work can easily be coordinated in the central file location. The effort required to coordinate, collaborate, and communicate the changes between various worksets is taken care of by computer. Various consultants working on a project can be assigned a workset with a set of editable elements.
They can then incorporate their services and modify the associated elements. For example, a high rise commercial building project can be divided into different worksets with independent teams working on exterior skin, interior walls, building core, toilet details, finishes, and so on. The structural consultants can be assigned the exterior skin and the core workset, in which they can incorporate structural elements.
Similarly, the rest of the teams can work independently on different worksets. You can start Autodesk Revit by double-clicking on the Revit icon on the desktop. Note that this path is used in the Windows 7 operating system. The path for starting Autodesk Revit depends on the operating system being used. The screen interface has three sections: Projects , Families , and Resources.
The options in the Projects section are used to open a new or an existing project. In the Projects area, you can add some of the frequently used templates such as the the Construction template, just below the New option.
To do so, choose the Application button and then choose the Options button from the flyout displayed. On doing so, the Options dialog box will be displayed. In this dialog box, choose the File Locations tab and then choose the Add Vaue button; the Browse for Template File dialog box will be displayed. In this dialog box, select the required template from the appropriate location and choose the Open button; the template will be added under the Name column and will also be available under the Projects area.
Similarly, options in the Families section are used to open a new or an existing family. You can also invoke the Conceptual Mass environment from this section to create a conceptual mass model. From this page, you can download various components for your project. In addition, you can choose the Help option from the Resources section to get help on various tools. On doing so, the New in Revit page will be displayed with various links. You learn about various enhancements in Revit by accessing these links.
Videos option in the Resources section is an enhancement in Revit When you click on this option, you are directed to the Autodesk Revit page that has a list of videos of newly added features in Revit. You can click on a link to view the corresponding video.
You can choose the Essential Skills Videos option to view the videos related to basic and advance concepts in Revit These videos and their associated information help you to learn about the complete software. Moreover, you can choose the Autodesk App Store option to access various add-ons that can be used to enhance the productivity of Revit.
In this page, various links are available as add-ons which can be used in Revit applications. In the Revit Community option of the Resources section, you can access information related to various communities and their contribution in the form of articles, tutorials, and videos.
In the Projects section, choose the Open option; the Open dialog box will be displayed. Browse to the desired location in the dialog box and select the file. Now, choose the Open button to open the file.
To open a new project file, choose the New option from the Projects section. In this dialog box, make sure that the Project radio button is selected, and then choose the OK button; a new project file will open and the interface screen is activated. To create a new project template file, choose the New option from the Projects section.
The New Project dialog box will be displayed. In this dialog box, select the base template from the Template file drop-down list and make sure that the Project template radio button is selected. Choose the OK button; a new project template file will open and the interface screen is activated.
In Autodesk Revit, ribbon is an interface from where you can invoke tools. All building elements have inherent relationship with one another, which can be tracked, managed, and maintained by the computer. Autodesk Revit Structure enables you to envisage and develop a structural model with actual 3D parametric structural elements.
It provides a new approach to the structural design and the implementation process. It replicates the way structural engineers conceive the structure of a building. However, in Autodesk Revit Structure, you can create the structural model of a building project using 3D elements such as structural floors, columns, beams, and so on, as shown in Figure Figure A structural project created using parametric structural elements.
Using these 3D elements, you can visualize the structural project with respect to its scale, volume, and proportions. This enables you to study design alternatives and develop superior quality design solutions. Autodesk Revit Structure automates routine drafting and coordination tasks and assists in reducing errors in documentation. This in turn saves time, improves the speed of documentation, and lowers the cost for users.
A project in Autodesk Revit Structure is created using the inbuilt parametric building elements. Some relationships are made by Autodesk Revit Structure itself and others by the user. For example, doors, which have an inherent parametric relationship with the structural walls cannot be created without first creating a host wall.
A door always moves with the host wall. Similarly, floors too are parametrically linked to walls. When you move structural walls, the structural floor extents are also modified automatically. Each structural element has inbuilt bidirectional associativity with many other elements in the project. A building information model is created using different interdependent parametric building elements such as structural walls, beams, columns, structural floors, foundations, and so on.
As they are bidirectionally associated elements, any change made in one element is automatically adopted by others. The integrated building information model created contains all data for a project. You can then create project presentation views such as structural plans, sections, elevations, and so on for documentation.
This capability is, therefore, the underlying concept in Autodesk Revit Structure. As changes are made immediately and automatically, it saves the time and effort of coordinating them in all other associated views, which, for most projects, is an inevitable part of the design process.
Autodesk Revit Structure also provides a variety of in-built parametric element libraries that can be selected and used to create a building model.
It also provides you with the flexibility to modify the properties of these elements or to create your own parametric elements, based on the project requirement. Before using Autodesk Revit Structure, it is important to understand the basic terms used for creating a building model. Various terms used in Autodesk Revit Structure such as project, level, category, family, type, and instance are described next. A project in Autodesk Revit Structure is similar to an actual structural project.
In an actual project, the entire documentation such as drawings, 3D views, specifications, schedules, cost estimates, and so on are inherently linked and read together. Similarly, in Autodesk Revit Structure, a project not only includes the digital 3D building model but also its parametrically associated documentation.
Thus, all components such as the building model, its standard views, structural drawings, and schedules combine together to form a complete project. A project file contains all project information such as building elements used in a project, drawing sheets, schedules, cost estimates, 3D views, renderings, and so on. A project file also stores various settings such as environment, lighting, and so on. As data is stored in the same file, so it becomes easier for Autodesk Revit Structure to coordinate the entire database.
In Autodesk Revit Structure, a building model is divided into various levels. These levels may be understood as infinite horizontal planes that act as hosts for different elements such as roof, floor, ceiling, and so on. The defined levels in a building model can, in most cases, relate to different floor levels, or stories of the building project.
Each element that you create belongs to a particular level. Apart from building elements, Autodesk Revit Structure project also contains other associated elements such as annotations, imported files, links, and so on. These elements have been divided into the following categories:. Model Category : Consists of various structural elements used in creating a building. Annotation Category : Consists of annotations such as dimensions, text notes, tags, symbols,.
Datum Category : Consists of datums such as levels, grids, reference planes, and so on. View Category : Consists of interactive project views such as structural floor plans, elevations, sections, 3D views, and renderings. In addition to these four categories, other categories such as Imported , Workset , Filter , and Revit Categories can also exist if the project has imported files, enabled worksets, or linked Autodesk Revit Structure projects, respectively.
Another powerful concept in Autodesk Revit Structure is family. A family is described as a set of elements of the same category that can be grouped together based on certain common parameters or characteristics.
Elements of the same family may have different properties, but they all have common characteristics. For example, Concrete-Rectangular-Column is a concrete column family, but it contains different sizes of columns. Family files have the. You can load additional building component families from the libraries provided in Autodesk Revit Structure package.
Families are further divided into certain types. Type or family type, as it is called, is a specific size or style of a family. All uses of the same family type in a project have the same properties. Family and family types can also be used to create new families using the Family Editor.
Instances are the actual usage of model elements in a building model or annotations in a drawing sheet. A family type created in a new location is identified as an instance of the family type.
All instances of the same family type have the same properties. Therefore, when you modify the properties of a family type, the properties of all its instances also get modified. The family categorization of Revit elements is given below:. The hierarchy of building elements in Autodesk Revit Structure plays an important role in providing the flexibility and ease of managing a change in a building model.
Figure shows the hierarchy of categories and families in a typical Autodesk Revit Structure project. Another classification of categories of elements followed in Autodesk Revit Structure is based on their usage. Autodesk Revit Structure uses five classes of elements: Host, component, annotation, view, and datum. Hosts are the element categories that form the basic structure of a building model and include model elements such as structural walls and floors. Components are the elements that are added to the host elements or act as stand-alone elements such as doors, windows, and foundations.
Annotations are the 2D, view-specific elements that add content to the project documentation such as dimensions, tags, text notes, and so on. Views represent various orientations of a building model such as plans, elevations, sections, 3D views, and so on. Datum refers to the reference elements that assist you in creating a building model.
The reference elements which include grids, levels, reference planes, and so on. There is no specific methodology available for creating a building model in Autodesk Revit Structure. It provides you with the flexibility of generating the building geometry based on the project requirement, design complexity, and other factors.
However, the following steps describe a general procedure that may be followed for creating an architectural building model using the built-in parametric elements provided in Autodesk Revit Structure. The first step is to define the levels of the structural model based on the story height of the building and then create grids for inserting columns and foundation at the lowest level.
Next, add columns, foundation slab, structural wall, and foundations in that level. You can also link the control height of the structural walls and columns to the levels.
Next, create framing members and floors using the defined levels. You can add loads to the model and define load conditions and various analytical settings for the model. After creating the structural analytical model, you will transfer it to Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis software and analyze the structural entities based on the loads applied to it. After performing the analysis and retrieving the design detail of the model, you will import the structural model from the analysis software into Autodesk Revit Structure.
Next, you will create drawing sheets with the desired views for its presentation. You can also add reinforcements to the concrete elements in the structural model. Autodesk Revit Structure also provides tools to create rendered 3D views and walkthroughs. Figure shows an example of a building elevation with various structural elements. Autodesk Revit Structure enables you to control the display and graphic representation of a single element or the element category of various elements in project views by using the visibility and graphics overrides tools.
You can select a model category and modify its linetype and detail level. This can also be done for various annotation category elements and imported files. These settings can be done for each project view based on its desired representation. You can also hide an element or an element category in a view using the Hide in view and Isolate tools.
The scale is an important concept in a Revit project. As you set a scale, Autodesk Revit Structure automatically sets the detail level that is appropriate for it. You can also set the detail level manually for each project view. Each detail level has an associated linetype and the detail lines associated with it. The details of annotations such as dimensions, tags, and so on, are also defined by the selected scale. A single integrated building information is used to create and represent a building project.
You can extract project information from a building model and create area schemes, schedule, and cost estimates, and then add them to the project presentation.
Autodesk Revit Structure also enables you to export the extracted database to the industry standard Open Database Connectivity ODBC compliant relational database tables. The use of the building information model to extract database information eliminates the error-prone method of measuring building spaces individually.
After creating the building model, you can easily arrange the project views by plotting them on the drawing sheets. Drawing sheets can also be organized in a project file based on the established CAD standards followed by the firm. In this manner, the project documentation can easily be transformed from the conceptual design stage to the design development stage and finally to the construction document stage. The project view on a drawing sheet is only a graphical representation of the building information model.
Therefore, any modification made in it is immediately updated in all the associated project views, thereby keeping the drawing sets updated. Autodesk Revit Structure also helps you conceptualize a building project in terms of its volume, shape, and proportions before working with actual building elements. This is possible by using the Massing tool, which enables you to create quick 3D models of buildings and conduct volumetric and proportion study on overall masses.
It also enables you to visualize and create an unusual building geometry. The same massing model can then be converted into a building model with individual parametric building elements. It provides continuity in the generation of building model right from sketch design to its development. Autodesk Revit Structure provides a large number of in-built family types of various model elements and annotations.
Each parametric element has the associated properties that can be modified based on the project requirement. Autodesk Revit Structure also enables you to create the elements that are designed specifically for a particular location. The in-built family editor enables you to create new elements using family templates. This provides you with the flexibility of using in-built elements for creating your own elements.
For example, using the furniture template, you can create a reception desk that is suitable for a particular location in the design.
An extensive in-built library of structural elements has been provided in Autodesk Revit Structure. You can add structural columns, beams, walls, braces, and so on to the project. Thus, structural consultants can also incorporate their elements in the basic architectural building model and check for inconsistency, if any. In Autodesk Revit Structure, you can work on large projects by linking different building projects together.
For a large project that consists of a number of buildings, you can create individual buildings as separate projects and then link all of them into a single base file.
The database recognizes the linked projects and includes them in the project representation of the base file. For example, while working on a large educational institution campus, you can create separate project files for academic building, administration area, gymnasium, cafeteria, computer centre, and so on, and then link them into the base site plan file. In this manner, large projects can be subdivided and worked upon simultaneously.
Worksets, in Autodesk Revit Structure, enable the division of the building model into small editable set of elements. The worksets can be assigned to different teams working on the same project and then their work can easily be coordinated in the central file location.
The effort required to coordinate, collaborate, and communicate the changes between various worksets is taken care of by computer. Various consultants working on a project can be assigned a workset with a set of editable elements. They can then incorporate their services and modify the associated elements. For example, a high rise commercial building project can be divided into different worksets with independent teams working on exterior skin, interior walls, building core, toilet details, finishes, and so on.
The structural consultants can be assigned the exterior skin and the core workset, in which they can incorporate structural elements. Similarly, the rest of the teams can work independently on different worksets. You can start Autodesk Revit Structure by double-clicking on the Revit Structure icon on the desktop.
Note that this path is used in the Windows 7 operating system. Figure Starting Autodesk Revit Structure using the taskbar. Figure The interface of Autodesk Revit Structure displayed. The path for starting Autodesk Revit Structure depends on the operating system being used. The screen interface has three sections: Projects , Families , and Resources.
The options in the Projects section are used to open a new or an existing project. The options in the Families section are used to open a new or an existing family. You can also invoke the Conceptual Mass environment from this section to create a conceptual mass model. From this page, you can download various components for your project. In addition, you can choose the Help option from the Resources section. In the left of this page, the Contents and the Search tab will be displayed.
On doing so, the New in Revit page will be displayed with various links. You can know about various enhancements through these links. In the Resources section, you can choose the Essential Skills Videos option to view the videos related to basic and advance concepts in Autodesk Revit Structure These videos and their associated information help you to learn about the complete software.
Moreover, you can choose the Exchange Apps option to access various add-ons that can be used to enhance the productivity of Revit. To take full advantage of Building Information Modeling, the Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals has been designed to teach you the concepts and principles from building design through construction documentation using the Autodesk Revit Structure software.
This textbook is intended to introduce you to the user interface and the basic building components of the software that makes it a powerful and flexible structural modeling tool.
The goal is to familiarize you with the tools necessary to create, modify, and document the parametric model. For additional information on downloading, unzipping, and using these files visit the downloads section on our FAQ page.
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